2017

rozdział w monografii naukowej

angielski

EN RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules play vital roles in the eukaryotic cells, not only as mediators of the flow of genetic information from DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) to proteins but also as potent regulators of gene expression in general. Ubiquitous transcription of the eukaryotic genome, occurring in the cell nucleus, leads to the synthesis of multiple precursor RNA molecules, which undergo class-dependent, very often complex processing events, eventually generating mature transcripts, such as mRNAs, tRNAs and rRNAs, serving as templates, adaptors and effectors, respectively, during translation. In addition, numerous noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are produced, which fine-tune gene expression at different stages. Protein-coding transcripts and many ncRNAs exert their functions in the cytoplasm. Levels of different RNA species are controlled by numerous cytoplasmic decay pathways, largely dependent on specific modifications of transcripts' ends and various enzymatic activities, including endo- and exoribonucleases. Moreover, RNA molecules are scrutinised for errors which may potentially impair their function by dedicated surveillance mechanisms.

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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9780470015902.a0027365

eLS Citable review for life science

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